Printing-ink.



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIOE.

GEORGE WE TINGHQW QF mm'rmanm.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 29, 1908.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY NOEL POTTER, a-citizen of the United States,and resident of New York, county of New York, State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Print' -Inks, of whichthe following is a specification.

I have invented certain new and improved printing inks hereinafterdescribed.

It is Well known that printing inks are of v extremely diverse comositions to suit the particular uses intendecPor to meet the ideas ofthe particular ink maker as to price, ease of working, speed of drying,etc.

may for present purposes be divided 1nto fluid or writing inks and pastyor printing inks. With quality, durability, gloss,

cerned.

Printing inks may be broadly classified as black inks and colored inks.All printing inks contain coloring matter and a varnish.

The applicant is advised that black inks are made only of pigment andvarnish, while colored inks usually contain a third ingredient called abase. Abase is understood to be a finely subdivided solid in generalchemically inert to the other ink ingredients introduced to thicken thevarnish and lessen the amount of relatively expensive dry coloringmatter to be used to give the desired conslstency.

A base may and often does materially affect the physical properties ofthe ink containing it so that certain substances are good bases, othersare not.

The two bases most in use are probably aluminum hydrate for the bestgrades of ink, and blanc fixe or (precipitated barium sulfate forcheaper gra es and special pur oses. Man other substances have beentried? I li ave discovered that the extremely fine flufiy (pulverulentsoft brown substance describe by me in my application #238,925, ofDecember 30, 1904, and therein alleged to be silicon monoxid, the samehaving been made in considerable quantities by the applicant and calledby him and his associates monox, is a most excellent base for allrinting inks, wherein its color is unobjectionable,

whether because it blends into the color de-- sired as in browns andgreens, or because it is the latter, containing solid i partlcles, thisapplication is exclusively concompletely masked by the other color orcolors used with it, as in reflex blues. The age plicant is at presentof-the inion that t e said monox may'vary in its 0 emical compositionfrom simpliysiliconmonoxid to a chemically dissociate material in whichthe silicon monoxid is more or less broken up into silicon and silicondioxid. It may also contain impurities and an excess of silica.

By monox is meant the material resultin from the artial reduction .ofsilicon dioxi whether the said material is more or less chemicallydissociated or not, as this can onl be detected by delicate thermochemica means and has no industrial bearing in the presentspecification. This monox base 1 is applicable with advantage to mostdark inks mcludin blacks of the better grade, and in such b acks asPeerless" gas black and other superior blacks monox may replace from 2;to i of the black without injury to the color or opacity of theresulting mks and with positive advantage in the working qualities ofthe inks for haf tone and other diificult printing. One advantage liesin the evenness of spreading by the ink rollers and a reduced tendenc tofill up the screen of half tone plates. l Vith inks containing this basea greater uniformity in the resulting prints is easily accom lished anda greater number can be rinte before it is necessary to wash out t ecut. The inks feed better in the ink fountain of the press and possessminor advantages which the pressman is quick to a preciate. In additionto its use in black inks which heretofore have rarely if ever had basesin them, it gives its peculiar advanta es in browns, dark blues, greensand reds, an uts these inks on a par with black ink inwor 'ng qualities.

The varnish used has of course much to do with the pro erties of ink andin cheap work the cost of in must. be very low. Obviously theselow-priced inks cannot contain the more expensive ingredients of highpriced inks, but substitute rosin oil for -burnt linseed oil and evenintroduce a considerable advantages of my araffin oils and manytheseinks as this blanc fixe, for example.- being of extreme fineness and notcaked into lumps can be incorporated into the ink mixtures with aminimum of grinding and the and used in quantity to give ink of the con-I sistency desired.

it 1. M01102: Out Black. Carbon black- 84 parts by weight Monox 28Reflex blue 7 Varnish and drier liquids it 2. Monox Reflex Blue. Reflexblue paste 40 parts by weight Monox 100 I Varnish and drier liquids it8. Mohox Chrome Green. Chrome green- 40 parts by weight Monox- ---l 90Varnish,etc- Q.S.

This monox base 1 I claim as my invention:

1. A printing ink containing as one ingredient the finely dividedproduct of the partial reduction of silica, substantially as described.

2. A printing ink containing silicon monoxid.

3. A printing ink containing silicon monoxid in a partially dissociatedcondition.

4. A printing ink containing a finely divided brown solid composed ofsilicon and less oxygen than is contained in an equal weight of silicondioxid.

5. A printin ink composed essentially of a drying yarnis coloring matterand silicon inonoxid.

6. A printing ink composed essentiallyof a drying varnish, a blackpigment; and 8111- con monoxid.

Signed at New York, in the county of New York, and State of New York,this 28th day of June A. D. 1907.

HENRY NOEL POTTER.

Witnesses WM. H. CAPEL, Tnos. H. BROWN.

